Що таке IP?
Обираючи світлодіодний освітлювальний прилад вам, напевно, часто на очі трапляється "дивна" характеристика з назвою "Ступінь захисту — IP".
Більшість людей помилково не звертають увагу на даний аспект приладу та досить часто купують освітлення яке не підходить за класом безпеки для приміщення в якому воно буде застосовуватись.
Розберімося у цих дивних цифрах, щоб зрозуміти, що вони насправді означають.
Код за́хисту оболо́нки або код IP це — система класифікації ступенів захисту оболонки електрообладнання від проникнення твердих предметів і води відповідно до загальноприйнятих міжнародних стандартів.
IP marking consists of two numbers. The first of which means protection against solid objects entering the middle of the device, the second means protection against moisture penetration.
According to international standards, the numbers after the IP value mean the following:
IP value
| First digit | Second digit |
|---|---|
| 0 - no protection | 0 - no protection |
| 1 — protection against penetration inside the shell to conductive and moving parts of a large area of the surface of the human body and protection against penetration under the shell of solid bodies over 50 mm in size | 1 — protection against water drops. Drops of water falling vertically on the shell should not have a harmful effect on the products. |
| 2 — protection against penetration into the shell of conductive and moving parts of fingers or objects longer than 80 mm and against penetration under the shell of solid bodies larger than 12 mm | 2 — protection against drops of water falling on the shell at an inclination of 15 °. Drops should not have a harmful effect on the product. |
| 3 — protection against penetration into the shell to conductive and moving parts of tools, wire, etc. with a diameter or thickness of more than 2.5 mm and from penetration under the shell of solid bodies with a size of more than 2.5 mm | 3 — rain protection. Rain falling on the shell at an angle of 60 ° from the vertical should not have a harmful effect on the product under the shell. |
| 4 — protection against penetration inside the shell to conductive and moving parts of the wire and other objects with a thickness of more than 1 mm and against penetration under the shell of solid bodies with a size of more than 1 mm. | 4 — protection against splashes falling at any angle. Splashes should not have a harmful effect on the product under the shell. |
| 5 — full protection of personnel from accidental contact with conductive and moving parts, which are under the cover, ingress of dust is not completely prevented, but dust cannot penetrate in a quantity sufficient to disrupt the operation of the product. | 5 — Protection against water jets. A jet of water that is thrown in any direction on the shell should not cause any harm to the product. |
| 6 — full protection of personnel from accidental contact with current-conducting and moving parts located under the shell and full protection against dust penetration. | 6 — protection against influences typical of the ship's deck (including deck watertight equipment such as moisture-proof sockets and switches). |
| 7 — protection when immersed in water. Water must not penetrate the shell immersed in water under certain conditions of pressure and time in an amount sufficient to damage the product. | |
| 8 — protection during prolonged immersion in water. The products are suitable for long-term immersion in water under the conditions established by the manufacturer. |
If we compare these two numbers, we will get the classification of protection of the device against dust and moisture.For example:
A device with an IP20 degree, such as a chandelier for the living room or a spot light for the bedroom, has protection from fingers and large objects to conductive elements. But it has no protection against moisture. Therefore, using such lighting devices in rooms with high humidity (for example: a bathroom) is prohibited!
But a device with IP65 degree of protection, such as street spotlights or garden lights, on the contrary, has full protection against access to conductive elements and protection against water jets that directly fall on the device. The device is maximally protected and can be used both indoors with a high level of humidity and directly outside.
Therefore, when choosing LED lighting for your own home, always pay attention to this characteristic in order to choose a reliable device designed for the operating conditions you need!